ALGORITHMS AND PROGRAMMING

The algorithm is a sequence of actions which clearly stated and unambiguous to solve a problem within a specific timeframe. Every action must be done and have a certain effect. Algorithm is the logic, methods and steps (sequence) systematically used to solve a problem. The algorithm can be written in many ways, from using natural language used in everyday life, a symbol chart flowchart (flowchart), to use a programming language like C or C language.

The program is a collection of computer instructions, while methods and systematic steps in the program is the algorithm. The program is written using a programming language. So can we call that the program is an implementation of a programming language.

Program = data structure + algorithms

After all data structures and algorithms are very closely related to a program. The algorithm that good without the proper selection of the data structure will make the program becomes less good, so well otherwise. The structure of the data here can be a list, tree, graph, etc..

DATA STRUCTURE

Data structure is a way of storing or representing data in computers to be used efficiently, while the data is a representation of real world facts.
Fact or description of reality that is stored, recorded or represented in writing, voice, image, signal or symbol

Broadly speaking the data type can be categorized into:

1. Simple data types
a. Single simple data types, eg
Integer, real, boolean and character
b. Simple data type compound, for example
String

2. Data structures, including
a. Simple data structures such as arrays and records
b. Compound data structures, which consist of
Linear: Stack, Queue, and List and Multilist
Non-Linear: Binary Tree and Graph

Use appropriate data structure in the programming process will produce an algorithm that is more clear and precise, making the overall program more efficient and simple.

Data structure which "standard" which is usually used in the field of informatics are:

    * Linear list (linked list) and its variations Multilist

    * Stack (Piles)

    * Queue (Queue)

    * Tree (Tree)

    * Graph (Graf)